ACADEMIC MUSIC
LIBRARIES AND ARCHIVES
PHILHARMONIC LIBRARY
NATIONAL S. LUNCHEVICI
Orchestra Library Philharmonic Symphony Orchestra
Nation S. Lunchevici
Irina CIOBANU-SUHOMLIN,
doctor of arts,
University professor
The creation of composers from the Republic of Moldova in the field of academic music is a unique phenomenon located at the intersection of several musical traditions as a refraction of the changing vectors of different geopolitical interests. In the Bessarabian period, European compositional professionalism spread among the representatives of traditional musical culture thanks to the musical studies obtained by them in Western European countries, combining with the visible influence of Russian musical culture as a result of direct artistic contacts and through its bearers. The knowledge, understanding and creative implementation of one's own local musical tradition by its representatives in the academic art on the one hand and the connections with the local musical culture of the composers belonging to another national-cultural tradition and another artistic orientation - the Soviet school of composition - on the other hand, places the product of the composers' activity - the musical work - at the level of intercultural communication. These conditions ensure the creations of Moldovan authors accessibility for the perception of auditors from different cultural spaces.
The musical heritage of academic tradition in the Republic of Moldova is vast not only in terms of quantity, but also in terms of diversity of genres approached. At the same time, an exact picture of the real dimensions of the local musical heritage in the field of academic music in general and of its various components in particular is not yet outlined. The historical events of the sec. XX which had a major impact on the Republic of Moldova determined the dispersion of national musical values through various funds - especially the private archives of composers and the collections of notes of libraries and music groups. (We mention that lately the danger of spreading the musical heritage of the Republic of Moldova in space, beyond the borders of the country caused by the intensification of migration processes) is becoming more and more real). The musical material is mostly kept in manuscript form because during about 20 years the editing of the creations from the concert and didactic repertoire had a random and sporadic character determined by the non-existence of a specialized music publishing house.
Given the lack of a centralized depository of compositional works in the country, an important role in the preservation of musical manuscripts belongs to their collective owners - specialized libraries and funds of concert institutions. The collection of scores and orchestral materials from the library of the symphony orchestra of the S. Lunchevici National Philharmonic can be classified as a national level collection. Here are not only stored, but also quite frequently used in concert practice numerous works that are an important part of the artistic heritage left by professional and amateur composers from the Republic of Moldova. Musical works - orchestral scores and notes - are manuscripts-autographs made by authorized composers or children. The library documents present most of the authors from Chisinau who composed, processed folk samples, made arrangements or orchestrated the works of colleagues. The library was formed during the sec. XX, starting with the 40's and the process of completing it was directly related to the activity of the symphony orchestra of the National Philharmonic. The music collection reflects the repertoire of this group. At present, the process continues and the library is always completed with new works by local composers whose premieres are performed by the orchestra. At the same time, the fact that most of the preserved works are manuscripts gives the collection an archival character, obviously without assigning a special status of archive documents to the scores.
Because the musical materials kept in the orchestra's library constituted the orchestra's active and functional repertoire, and the collection is in fact a closed depository, the documents were never subjected to processing and description according to bibliographic norms and technologies, but the special historical and functional value of the orchestra's collection. determined the need to introduce unique materials kept here in the scientific circuit.
The project of the Academy of Music, Theater and Fine Arts (AMTAP) started in 2011 involves the documentary-historical research of professional compositional creation in the Republic of Moldova. One of the aims of the project carried out by musicologists within AMTAP and coordinated by the ASM is to be the annotated register of musical works - a kind of catalog raisonnés of everything that came out from under the composers in our country. The annotation model of musical creations developed by the project members allows the reflection of detailed information about each work: name, genre, structure, form of existence, interpretive composition, time of composition, place and date of premiere, names of first performers, place to keep the manuscript, first editions , as well as the main scientific and critical-publicistic studies in which it is reflected. The annotations that will accompany each work will contain the characteristic of the artistic peculiarities and the information about the history of the appearance of the pieces and the place occupied in the creation of the composer.
But as it was found in the project, its execution becomes impossible without solving intermediate problems of collecting musical materials in various forms of storage - manuscripts, prints, audio production, as well as without primary cataloging and systematization of materials and without processing adjacent historical information. In the work process, the team of musicologists studied the musical and documentary materials from different collections - libraries, funds, state and personal archives, etc. The musical documents collected in the orchestral library of the National Philharmonic, where most of the symphonic works composed in the Republic of Moldova were launched, attracted attention and became the subject of studies by researcher L. Balaban - one of the members of the project implementation team. The results of her work on processing the musical materials from the mentioned library are reflected in this catalog.
During the research it became obvious that despite the efforts of musicologists from the Republic of Moldova, the creation of local composers in general remains uncatalogued. Unfortunately, according to the tradition established in the country, the authors, as a rule, do not keep a record of their own creations and do not document the facts of their concert life, leaving this in the care of musicologists and bibliographers. Few of the Moldovan composers have catalogs of creations, and the informational-bibliographical editions prepared according to the interpretive composition are not always comfortable and rational from the point of view of musicological research. For these reasons the most difficult was the process of describing all the works in the national repertoire kept in the library and their primary systematization.
In addition, the culture of graphic design of manuscript scores kept in the library of the National Philharmonic Orchestra and especially the reflection on the title page of all necessary elements such as name, genre indication, interpretive composition and structure, date, timing, etc. leave much to be desired. This required considerable efforts on the part of the composer of the L. Balaban catalog, both in examining the scores and in their textological processing, frequently resorting to confronting orchestral materials with the score, restoring missing information and filling in gaps in other sources (in the case of deceased composers). or in the process of consulting with living authors. the translation and unification of the names, the identification and dating of the creations according to the existing informative-bibliographical editions, the attribution of the works, of their component parts with alternative names, of the scattered orchestral knowledge - here are just a few problems solved in this catalog. In addition, the bilingualism of the musical materials that determined the linguistic aspect of the catalog also required editorial efforts undertaken by the author and the responsible editor - V. Melnic.
To correct and complete the missing information about works, L. Balaban researched numerous musicological materials - biobibliographic editions published by the Union of Composers and Musicologists of the Republic of Moldova, monographs on composers, research on various authors, articles on certain works, journalistic and critical materials (selective bibliography of the catalog includes 119 names). The bibliographic component of the description of the works (bibliographer-consultant S. Teodor) was made in accordance with national standards, verified according to the indices reflected in the National Bibliography of Moldova, according to different bibliographic editions ( Books of Moldova , Chronicle of music publications ) etc. As a result, this catalog combines several approaches to musical material: musicological, bibliographic, textological. Because the catalog was developed first of all for informational-scientific purposes and not for keeping the archive of the described documents, the information about their physical condition is not reflected.
This publication is a thematic-systematic catalog that reflects the local component of the repertoire of the symphony orchestra of the National Philharmonic and also represents the thematic catalog of the performed works of composers from the Republic of Moldova. The description of the scores and the orchestral materials was made in two languages - Romanian and Russian. The entire mass of musical works kept in the library is distributed over 7 compartments. Inside the thematic compartments the musical works are placed in alphabetical order according to the names of the authors and the name. For the convenience of using the information in the Romanian and Russian parts, there is also an alphabetical section in which all the works described are gathered under the name of the composer. The predilection for the alphabetical-thematic principle of presenting information to the detriment of the chronological one is caused by the impossibility of exact dating for most of the works composed during the 40s and 60s of the century. XX.
The publication of this catalog was prepared during the activities of the scientific project the annotated register of musical creations of composers from the Republic of Moldova that is implemented by researchers from AMTAP and is an important step in the process of documenting the musical heritage in our country. This edition, which includes information about the compositional creation of academic tradition, is meant to contribute to the propagation of this field of contemporary musical culture in the Republic of Moldova both among professional musicians and among all members of the cultural-informative community - publishers, entrepreneurs, journalists, rights agents. of author etc.
( CIOBANU-SUHOMLIN, I. Foreword. In: Musical creations of composers from the Republic of Moldova in the Library of the Symphony Orchestra of the National Philharmonic "S. Lunchevici": Catalog . Chisinau: Valinex, 2014, p.7–13 ).
Orchestra Library
Philharmonic Symphony Orchestra
Nation S. Lunchevici
Larisa BALABAN,
doctor of arts and culturology,
associate professor
The Symphony Orchestra of the National Philharmonic Serghei Lunchevici was founded in 1930 in Tiraspol in order to propagate national and universal musical creation and local interpretive mastery, exerting an immeasurable influence on the entire development of musical art in the Republic of Moldova, on the artistic life in the country. Our. Thanks to the orchestra, music lovers had the opportunity to hear for the first time and to appreciate at a fair value the creations of Moldovan composers.
"And while the orchestra's interpretive mastery was largely refined by working on classical repertoire, the systematic approach to national music helped it maintain its artistic individuality and creative profile. Precisely for this reason it is necessary to mention the permanent collaboration of the group with local authors: the symphony orchestra of the State Philharmonic of Moldova led by its conductors was the first performer of the creations signed by these composers "[1, p.93].
Thanks to this group, the first examples of approaching many genres in music literature were produced national, that of example: the concert instrumental (The concert for violin and orchestrate by Șt. Neaga, Concerto for piano and orchestra by D. Fedov, cantata ( Stephen the Great and With us is Lenin, with us It is Stalin of Șt. Neaga), oratory (The song Renaissance of Șt. Neaga), symphony ( Symphony no.1 by L. Gurov, Symphony no.1 ( Holiday ) by S. Lobel), chamber instrumental music (works signed by N. Ponomarenco, E. Coca and others), excerpts from the first opera composed in Moldova Soviet ( Grozovan by D. Gherşfeld) and others. During their 80 years of activity, the orchestra has made an impressive number of awards for creations signed by local composers, many of which have remained in the group's repertoire.
The Library of the Serghei Lunchevici Symphony Orchestra of the National Philharmonic is a rich collection of numerous scores and orchestral materials, an important place for musical creations in the national repertoire. A peculiarity of the fodder is the manuscripts of unique copies of important pieces composed by authors from the Republic of Moldova in the Soviet and post-Soviet periods (40s of the XX century - first decade of the XXI century) which were performed by the Symphony Orchestra of the Moldovan State Philharmonic ( currently - Serghei Lunchevici National Philharmonic). The collection includes works signed by most of the composers who worked in Chisinau during the period in question. It is also representative in terms of present genres, because it includes the full spectrum of symphonic and vocal-symphonic music genres and can rightly be considered the richest collection of symphonic repertoire in our country.
202 samples of instrumental music are stored in the library of the National Philharmonic Symphony Orchestra Nation through which find 20 of symphonies (authors S. Buzilă, L. Gondiu, L. Gurov, V. Zagorschi, T. Chiriac, N. Leib, S. Lobel, V. Lorinov, Gh. Neaga, V. Poleacov, P. Rivilis, V. Simonov, Z. Tkaci, Gh. Ciobanu), 2 symphonies (of V. Poleacov, V. Rotaru), 16 overtures (by V. Bitkin, S. Zlatov, B. Dubosarschi, E. Lazarev, V. Lorinov, Gh. Mustea, Gh. Neaga, M. Oks, V. Poleacov, V. Rotaru, N Russu-Kozulina, M. Stârcea, D. Fedov, Eu. Doga), 6 fantasies (authors V. Boz, D. Gherşfeld, V. Doni, G. Cazacov, Șt. Neaga), 12 symphonic poems (by A. Gherşfeld, I. Enachi, T. Zgureanu, A. Chiriac, T. Chiriac, E. Coca, Șt. Neaga, V. Rotaru, Z. Tkaci, Gh. Ciobanu), 20 suites (authors V. Bitkin, V. Burlea, L. Gurov, S. Zlatov, A. Kamenetsky, N. Chiosa, T. Chiriac, E. Lazarev, Gh. Neaga, V. Poleacov, V. Slivinschi, M. Stârcea, Z. Tkaci, D. Fedov, Gh. Ciobanu, P. Şerban), 4 rhapsodies (by I. Aldea-Teodorovici, V. Baronciuc, N. Chiosa, P. Rusu), 2. 3 CONCERTS (of B. Dubosarschi, E. Coca, S. Lobel, A. Luxembourg, A. Mulear, Șt. Neaga, V. Poleacov, P. Rivilis, Z. Tkaci, D. Fedov, M. Fişman, Gh. Ciobanu), 100 different instrumental works genres . 16 from they I hold of Types music of the room: quartets, quintets, septets, etc. (signed by V. Beleaev, L. Gurov, E. Doga, D. Chiţenco, Gh. Mustea, O. Palymski, V. Rotaru, D. Fedov, Gh. Ciobanu).
The library also includes various genres of vocal-symphonic music for various interpretive compositions, including 108 works for soloists, choir and orchestra and 77 for voice and orchestra. Among these we find miniatures (ode, ballads, songs, etc.), large-scale pieces (poems, suites, etc.), as well as monumental genres (cantata, oratorio, vocal symphony). The ideational content of the works is very varied and includes the whole spectrum of images: heroic-epic, lyrical, dramatic, meditative-psychological, intellectual-philosophical, memorial, sacral-mythological, folklore etc. The 30 of sung (signed of V. Burlea, D. Gherşfeld, E. Doga, V. Dânga, V. Zagorschi, D. Chiţenco, E. Lazarev, S. Lobel, S. Lungul, Șt. Neaga, V. Poleacov, V. Rotaru, C. Rusnac, A. Stârcea, Z. Tkaci), 5 oratorios (by T. Zgureanu, E. Lazarev, I. Macovei, Gh. Neaga, Șt. Neaga), 6 symphonies vocals ( Symphony for symphony orchestra, mixed choir and declamator of S. Lobel, symphonies for soloist and orchestrate Symphony of B. Dubosarschi, E. Lazarev, S. Lobel, I. Macovei) exemplifies various stages of the evolution of the local composition school.
domain music vocal-symphonic it includes and poems for choir and orchestrate (authors D. Gherşfeld, S. Lungul, V. Poleacov, C. Rusnac, A. Stârcea, Z. Tkaci et al.), ode for choir and orchestrate (of M. Colsa, S. Lungul, A. Mulear, V. Rotaru, C. Rusnac, Gh. Ciobanu). Composers G. Borș, V. Vilinciuc, D. Gheorghiţă, D. Gherşfeld, L. Gurov, T. Chiriac, E. Macaleț, V. Masiukov, A. Mulear, N. Russu-Kozulina, M. Stârcea, D. Fedov , A. Fiodorova, as well as Ș. Aranov, D. Gheorghiţă, D. Gherşfeld, E. Doga, V. Dânga, V. Zagorschi, S. Zlatov, E. Coca, E. Lazarev, S. Lungul, A. Luxembourg, G. Musicescu, Gh. Mustea, Șt. Neaga, M. Oks, V. Poleacov, V. Rotaru, A. Sochireanschi, A. Stârcea, M. Stârcea, Z. Tkaci, D. Fedov and others. have successfully manifested in such genres as vocal-symphonic cycle, entertainment, ballad, romance, anthem, song (51 samples for choir and orchestrate and 72 - for voice and orchestrate). In the creation his D. Gheorghiţă, D. Gherşfeld, E. Doga, S. Lungul, N. Chiosa, V. Masiukov, V. Slivinschi, A. Sochireanschi, A. Stârcea, D. Fedov, S. Şapiro is widely present in the genre of song for voice and symphony orchestra . The genres of chamber vocal music are illustrated by works signed by V. Masiukov and O. Negruța (3 in total).
The collection also presents some genres of stage music : opera (fragments from the works Grozovan and Aurelia by D. Gherşfeld; fragments from different editions of the opera Domnica by A. Stârcea; works Leniniana by E. Lazarev and Alexandru Lăpuşneanu by Gh. Mustea; Lamento's mono-opera, Z. Tkaci's Mother's Monologue); ballet (excerpts from ballets signed by E. Doga, V. Zagorschi, E. Lazarev, Z. Tkaci, ballet composition Towards light by A. Mulear); music at shows (Eu. Doga); music at children's shows (C. Rusnac, Z. Tkaci); film music (V. Loghinov, V. Poleacov, Eu. Doga). In total this compartment includes 38 examples of stage music, including: complete musical material for 2 operas, 1 mono opera; 6 fragments from works (arias, duets, songs); 7 ballet fragments; 1 ballet composition; 4 examples of music at shows and 17 examples of film music.
In fact, several processing and arrangements of folk songs and songs are preserved: for voice and orchestrate Symphony (S. Șagirean, L. Gurov, E. Vîşcauţan, D. Fedov and others), for choir and orchestra (V. Boz, V. Rotaru, A. Gherşfeld, Ș. Aranov); for orchestrate Symphony (N. Chiosa, E. Coca, M. Ogasalschi, V. Boz, Gh. Mustea, B. Dubosarschi, D. Fedov, Ș. Aranov, G. Șirman, I. Burdin and others). Most of them are based on various genres of Moldovan / Romanian vocal and instrumental folklore.
"The Moldovan Philharmonic Symphony Orchestra supports the creative efforts of Moldovan composers and often gets acquainted with their new works even in sketches" [2, p.45]. Thus, “every new creation, before being brought to the public's judgment, is widely discussed and, if necessary, chiseled in the Philharmonic's collectives. […] The orchestra has become a real creative laboratory for local composers in which the quality is proven artist of music their and simultaneously it boosts the growth artistry their creators ”- noted G. Ceaicovschi-Mereșanu and D. Preanișnikov [3; p.20, 36]. As proof that the works were chiseled in the process of working together with the orchestra can serve the presence in the library of several variants of the same creation that differ in tempo specifications, sometimes even in the number of parts. The scores contain notes by conductors, but also by composers (for example, symphonies by L. Gurov, S. Lobel, etc.). At the same time we find scores in which the names of some parts are missing, the name of the author of the poetic text is not noted, the year of composition and other information is not indicated. Most of the works in the library's holdings to date have not been published, many of which are preserved in manuscript.
In the present catalog all the works kept in the funds of the library of the Symphony Orchestra of the National Philharmonic Serghei Lunchevici are displayed in alphabetical order of the names of the authors in Romanian and Russian. Based on the type of works and the interpretive composition, the 7 compartments of the catalog were identified. It reflects the following information about each piece: 1) the name of the author; 2) the name of the work in the original language and in translation (Romanian or Russian), the alternative name indicated on the second page of the score or in the orchestral notes and / or the name given later and under which the work is known (with Bold Italic ); 3) gender; 4) interpretive composition; 5) number of parts; 6) the author of the text / booklet; 7) the presence of the score and / or the stanzas (their number is given in parentheses); 8) the year fixed in the score and / or estimates or the release dates (place of publication, name of the publishing house, year); 9) the language of the original document; 10) dedication; 11) the names of the parties and other additional information about the works are given in the notes. Bold indicates the data entered by the composer. The rest of the information that is missing in the original and has been restored by the author of the catalog is written in ordinary characters.
Bibliographic references :
1. СТОЛЯР, З. Страницы молдавской музыки . Chisinau: Artist Artist, 1983. 144 p.
2. СИНЯВЕР, Л. Музыка Советской Молдавии . Москва: Музгиз, 1949. 51 p.
3. ЧАЙКОВСКИЙ, Г., ПРЯНИШНИКОВ, Д. Молдавская Государственная Филармония . Chisinau: Kartia Moldoveni, 1960. 100 p.
( BALABAN, L. Introduction. In: Musical creations of composers from the Republic of Moldova in the Library of the Symphony Orchestra of the National Philharmonic "S. Lunchevici": Catalog . Chisinau: Valinex, 2014, p.14–17 ).
